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(NASA)
Ramadan is the ninth month of the Muslim lunar calendar during which healthy adult Muslims are obligated to fast every day from dawn to dusk, refraining from eating, drinking, smoking and sexual relations. Ramadan is also a time of reflection, charity giving and social gatherings.
The importance and holiness of Ramadan, the only month mentioned in the Quran, lies in the tradition that during this month the Quran, the book most holy to Muslims, was revealed to the prophet Muhammad in the seventh century.
Trade and industry generally come to a standstill during Ramadan, especially when it falls during the hot months.
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Though traditionally a time of introspection, many Muslims are inclined to make up for their daily deprivation during the nights, gathering for festive social get-togethers and feasting until the dawn heralds a new fast day.
This year Ramadan began in the Middle East on Friday, October 15 at daybreak. The start of the fast is based on moon sightings, so the calendar cannot be determined in advance.
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Iranian spiritual leader Ayatollah Khamanai hosting Iftar ceremony beginning this year’s Ramadan (Hassan Chapi/IRNA)
Muslims are marking 1425 years to the Hijri calendar.
Ramadan is often marred by political events, as tensions in the Muslim community are high. In 2003, Ramadan was marked by increased terror activities against American forces in Iraq.
Israeli authorities have warned this year that the Temple Mount is in danger of collapse if a large number of worshippers gather at the compound for prayers during Ramadan. Israeli police officers and archaeologists have said the eastern retaining wall of the holy Al-Aq’sa compound was weakened by an earthquake in February and the area is more susceptible to damage.
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(Dudi Saad/G.F. Photos)
Muslims say Israel is exaggerating these claims to retain more control over the area.
Some believe that dying in a holy war during Ramadan grants them extra privileges in paradise.
Ramadan concludes with a festival called ‘Eid Al-Fitr, marking the end of the fast. It is celebrated by giving charity, decorating the house, buying new shoes and outfits and special prayers. The festival is spent mainly with family and friends.